bravery, intelligence, loyalty, northern song dynasty, strategy, yang yanzhao

General Yang Yanzhao Disobeyed the Emperor to Defend the Country

Yang Yanzhao was the eldest son of the famous general Yang Ye of the early Northern Song Dynasty (960-1123). Yang Ye had been stationed at the Yanmen Pass for many years and was the enemy of the Khitanians who opposed the Song. They were so afraid of him that they called him “The Invincible Yang.” ...

Emma Lu

General Yang Yanzhao.

5 Uplifting Virtues of Jade

Jade is synonymous with Chinese culture, ancient and modern. Jade has been attributed with many fine virtues over the millennia. In this article, we will discuss the traditional “Five Virtues of Jade.” The Five Virtues of Jade are: 1. Benevolence, 2. Righteousness, 3. Intelligence, 4. Courage, 5. Cleanliness. The Chinese philosopher Confucius made jade a ...

Michael Segarty

A carved jade flower..

Genius and Beauty: What Zhuge Liang Valued

Zhuge Liang was an ancient Chinese military strategist during the Three Kingdoms era of China, 220-280. His parents passed away when he was very young. He then moved to Long Zhong, approximately 13 kilometers away from Xiangyang, Hubei, China, with his uncle. Zhuge Liang was talented, tall, and very handsome. Despite these attributes, he was ...

Helen London

The Summer Palace in Beijing.

Why Some Cultures Are More Intelligent Than Others

The intelligence of a person is said to be influenced by several factors, like heredity, age, race, childhood nutrition, and so on. However, there is one significant factor that determines the how intelligent an individual is — the culture of the society into which they are born and raised. In this regard, being born in ...

Nspirement Staff

A Grateful Elephant

During the Song Dynasty, a hunter from Yangshan County (in present-day Guangdong Province) had caught some wild game, such as hares and pheasants, and was ready to go home. Suddenly, an elephant walked toward him. He stepped back to avoid it, but it was too late. The animal came to the hunter and wrapped its ...

Nspirement Staff

An elephnat and its baby.

Animals Understand Human Feelings

We know that animals are part of nature. Buddhism regards both human beings and animals as sentient beings. Since they have sentiments, animals are connected with human nature. Accounts demonstrating the sentimental nature of animals have been documented in ancient records such as Yuewei Straw House Notes by Ji Yun in the Qing Dynasty. Here ...

Emma Lu

A cow being petted.